마땅히 새로운게 없어 살펴보고 있는 xmega.
쓰면서 느끼지만, 호화스러운 페리페럴들. 럭져리한 경차 같은 느낌이다. atmega와 유사하지만, 레지스터들이 상당히 많아서 효율좋은 코드가 가능할 것 같다.
프로세서는 역시 클럭 셋팅부터. application note avr1003을 참조...라기보다는 걍 거의 그대로 가져다 써서 테스트. 아래 코드로 네가지의 클럭셋팅을 순서대로 돌아가며 사용하였다. 조금 신경을 써야 할 부분은, 페리페럴 클럭들이다. CLKper2와 CLKper4는 고클럭세팅전에 반드시 낮춰놓고 나중에 다시 맞게 세팅해야한다.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280 281 282 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 316 317 318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327 328 329 330 331 332 333 334 335 336 337 338 339 340 341 342 343 344 345 346 347 348 349 350 351 352 353 354 355 356 357 358 359 360 361 362 363 364 365 366 367 368 369 370 371 372 373 374 375 376 377 378 379 380 381 382 383 384 385 386 387 388 389 390 391 392 393 394 395 | /* * avr1003_dons.c * * Created: 2014-08-28 오후 11:23:31 * Author: Don Quixote */#include <avr/io.h>#include <avr/interrupt.h>#include <util/delay.h>/* The LED to use for visual feedback. */#define LEDPORT PORTE#define LEDMASK 0xFF/* Which switches to listen to */#define SWITCHPORT PORTD#define SWITCHMASK 0xFF/*! \brief Define the delay_us macro for GCC. */#define delay_us(us) (_delay_us(us))/* Definitions of macros. *//*! \brief This macro enables the selected oscillator. * * \note Note that the oscillator cannot be used as a main system clock * source without being enabled and stable first. Check the ready flag * before using the clock. The function CLKSYS_IsReady( _oscSel ) * can be used to check this. * * \param _oscSel Bitmask of selected clock. Can be one of the following * OSC_RC2MEN_bm, OSC_RC32MEN_bm, OSC_RC32KEN_bm, OSC_XOSCEN_bm, * OSC_PLLEN_bm. */#define CLKSYS_Enable(_oscSel) (OSC.CTRL |= (_oscSel))/*! \brief This macro check if selected oscillator is ready. * * This macro will return non-zero if is is running, regardless if it is * used as a main clock source or not. * * \param _oscSel Bitmask of selected clock. Can be one of the following * OSC_RC2MEN_bm, OSC_RC32MEN_bm, OSC_RC32KEN_bm, OSC_XOSCEN_bm, * OSC_PLLEN_bm. * * \return Non-zero if oscillator is ready and running. */#define CLKSYS_IsReady(_oscSel) (OSC.STATUS & (_oscSel))/*! \brief This macro will protect the following code from interrupts. */#define AVR_ENTER_CRITICAL_REGION() uint8_t volatile saved_sreg = SREG; \ cli();/*! \brief This macro must always be used in conjunction with AVR_ENTER_CRITICAL_REGION * so the interrupts are enabled again. */#define AVR_LEAVE_CRITICAL_REGION() SREG = saved_sreg;void clk32m_setup(void);void timer_setup(void);void Port_setup(void);void WaitForSwitches(void);void CLKSYS_Prescalers_Config(CLK_PSADIV_t PSAfactor, CLK_PSBCDIV_t PSBCfactor);uint8_t CLKSYS_Main_ClockSource_Select(CLK_SCLKSEL_t clockSource);uint8_t CLKSYS_Disable(uint8_t oscSel);void CLKSYS_PLL_Config(OSC_PLLSRC_t clockSource, uint8_t factor);void CCPWrite(volatile uint8_t* address, uint8_t value);void clk_32m(void);void clk_pll30m(void);void clk_2m(void);void clk_32k(void);void clk_pll32m(void);int main(void){ Port_setup(); timer_setup(); /* Enable low interrupt level in PMIC and enable global interrupts. */ PMIC.CTRL |= PMIC_MEDLVLEN_bm; sei(); while (1) { WaitForSwitches(); LEDPORT.OUT = ~0x01 & 0x0f; clk_pll30m(); WaitForSwitches(); LEDPORT.OUT = ~0x02 & 0x0f; clk_32m(); WaitForSwitches( ); LEDPORT.OUT = ~0x04 & 0x0f; clk_pll32m(); WaitForSwitches(); LEDPORT.OUT = ~0x08 & 0x0f; clk_2m(); }}/*! Just toggle LED(s) when interrupt occurs. */ISR(TCC0_OVF_vect){ LEDPORT.OUTTGL = 0xf0;}void timer_setup(void){ /* Set up Timer/Counter 0 to work from CPUCLK/64, with period 10000 and * enable overflow interrupt. */ TCC0.PER = 20000; TCC0.CTRLA = ( TCC0.CTRLA & ~TC0_CLKSEL_gm ) | TC_CLKSEL_DIV64_gc; TCC0.INTCTRLA = ( TCC0.INTCTRLA & ~TC0_OVFINTLVL_gm ) | TC_OVFINTLVL_MED_gc;}void clk32m_setup(void){ // enable 32Mhz internal osc. OSC.CTRL |= OSC_RC32MEN_bm; // check whether the 32Mhz internal clock while ((OSC.STATUS & OSC_RC32MRDY_bm) == 0);}/* * setup LED port and switch port */void Port_setup(void){ /* Set up user interface. */ LEDPORT.DIRSET = LEDMASK; LEDPORT.OUTSET = 0xf7; /* PORTC pin7 set to output */ PORTC.DIRSET = 0x80; /* clkout on portc */ PORTCFG.CLKEVOUT |= 0x01; SWITCHPORT.DIRCLR = SWITCHMASK; // set input SWITCHPORT.PIN0CTRL = (SWITCHPORT.PIN0CTRL & ~PORT_OPC_gm) | PORT_OPC_PULLUP_gc;}void waitBtnPressed(void){ while (1) { if ((SWITCHPORT.IN & 0x01) == 0x00) { _delay_ms(10); if ((SWITCHPORT.IN & 0x01) == 0x00) return; } }}void waitBtnRelesed(void){ while (1) { if ((SWITCHPORT.IN & 0x01) == 0x01) { _delay_ms(10); if ((SWITCHPORT.IN & 0x01) == 0x01) return; } }}/*! \brief This function waits for a button push and release before proceeding. */void WaitForSwitches(void){ waitBtnPressed(); waitBtnRelesed(); /* while ((SWITCHPORT.IN & 0x01) == 0x01); _delay_ms(10); while ((SWITCHPORT.IN & 0x01) == 0x00); _delay_ms(10); */}/*! \brief This function changes the prescaler configuration. * * Change the configuration of the three system clock * prescaler is one single operation. The user must make sure that * the main CPU clock does not exceed recommended limits. * * \param PSAfactor Prescaler A division factor, OFF or 2 to 512 in * powers of two. * \param PSBCfactor Prescaler B and C division factor, in the combination * of (1,1), (1,2), (4,1) or (2,2). */void CLKSYS_Prescalers_Config(CLK_PSADIV_t PSAfactor, CLK_PSBCDIV_t PSBCfactor){ uint8_t PSconfig = (uint8_t) PSAfactor | PSBCfactor; CCPWrite(&CLK.PSCTRL, PSconfig);}/*! \brief This function selects the main system clock source. * * Hardware will disregard any attempts to select a clock source that is not * enabled or not stable. If the change fails, make sure the source is ready * and running and try again. * * \param clockSource Clock source to use as input for the system clock * prescaler block. * * \return Non-zero if change was successful. */uint8_t CLKSYS_Main_ClockSource_Select(CLK_SCLKSEL_t clockSource){ uint8_t clkCtrl = (CLK.CTRL & ~CLK_SCLKSEL_gm) | clockSource; CCPWrite(&CLK.CTRL, clkCtrl); clkCtrl = (CLK.CTRL & clockSource); return clkCtrl;}/*! \brief This function disables the selected oscillator. * * This function will disable the selected oscillator if possible. * If it is currently used as a main system clock source, hardware will * disregard the disable attempt, and this function will return zero. * If it fails, change to another main system clock source and try again. * * \param oscSel Bitmask of selected clock. Can be one of the following * OSC_RC2MEN_bm, OSC_RC32MEN_bm, OSC_RC32KEN_bm, * OSC_XOSCEN_bm, OSC_PLLEN_bm. * * \return Non-zero if oscillator was disabled successfully. */uint8_t CLKSYS_Disable(uint8_t oscSel){ OSC.CTRL &= ~oscSel; uint8_t clkEnabled = OSC.CTRL & oscSel; return clkEnabled;}/*! \brief This function configures the internal high-frequency PLL. * * Configuration of the internal high-frequency PLL to the correct * values. It is used to define the input of the PLL and the factor of * multiplication of the input clock source. * * \note Note that the oscillator cannot be used as a main system clock * source without being enabled and stable first. Check the ready flag * before using the clock. The macro CLKSYS_IsReady( _oscSel ) * can be used to check this. * * \param clockSource Reference clock source for the PLL, * must be above 0.4MHz. * \param factor PLL multiplication factor, must be * from 1 to 31, inclusive. */void CLKSYS_PLL_Config(OSC_PLLSRC_t clockSource, uint8_t factor){ factor &= OSC_PLLFAC_gm; OSC.PLLCTRL = (uint8_t)clockSource | (factor << OSC_PLLFAC_gp);}/*! \brief CCP write helper function written in assembly. * * This function is written in assembly because of the timecritial * operation of writing to the registers. * * \param address A pointer to the address to write to. * \param value The value to put in to the register. */void CCPWrite(volatile uint8_t* address, uint8_t value){ AVR_ENTER_CRITICAL_REGION( ); volatile uint8_t* tmpAddr = address;#ifdef RAMPZ RAMPZ = 0;#endif asm volatile( "movw r30, %0" "\n\t" "ldi r16, %2" "\n\t" "out %3, r16" "\n\t" "st Z, %1" "\n\t" : : "r" (tmpAddr), "r" (value), "M" (CCP_IOREG_gc), "i" (&CCP) : "r16", "r30", "r31" ); AVR_LEAVE_CRITICAL_REGION( );}void clk_32m(void){ /* Enable internal 32 MHz ring oscillator and wait until it's * stable. Divide clock by two with the prescaler C and set the * 32 MHz ring oscillator as the main clock source. Wait for * user input while the LEDs toggle. */ CLKSYS_Enable(OSC_RC32MEN_bm); while (CLKSYS_IsReady(OSC_RC32MRDY_bm) == 0); CLKSYS_Main_ClockSource_Select(CLK_SCLKSEL_RC32M_gc); CLKSYS_Prescalers_Config(CLK_PSADIV_1_gc, CLK_PSBCDIV_1_1_gc); CLKSYS_Disable(OSC_PLLEN_bm | OSC_XOSCEN_bm | OSC_RC32KEN_bm | OSC_RC2MEN_bm);}void clk_pll30m(void){ /* Configure PLL with the 2 MHz RC oscillator as source and * multiply by 30 to get 60 MHz PLL clock and enable it. Wait * for it to be stable and set prescaler C to divide by two * to set the CPU clock to 30 MHz. Disable unused clock and * wait for user input. */ CLKSYS_PLL_Config(OSC_PLLSRC_RC2M_gc, 30); CLKSYS_Enable(OSC_PLLEN_bm); while (CLKSYS_IsReady(OSC_PLLRDY_bm) == 0); CLKSYS_Prescalers_Config(CLK_PSADIV_2_gc, CLK_PSBCDIV_2_2_gc); CLKSYS_Main_ClockSource_Select(CLK_SCLKSEL_PLL_gc); CLKSYS_Prescalers_Config(CLK_PSADIV_1_gc, CLK_PSBCDIV_1_2_gc); CLKSYS_Disable(OSC_XOSCEN_bm | OSC_RC32KEN_bm | OSC_RC32MEN_bm);}void clk_pll32m(void){ CLKSYS_Enable(OSC_RC32MEN_bm); while (CLKSYS_IsReady(OSC_RC32MRDY_bm) == 0); CLKSYS_Prescalers_Config(CLK_PSADIV_2_gc, CLK_PSBCDIV_2_2_gc); CLKSYS_PLL_Config(OSC_PLLSRC_RC32M_gc, 16); CLKSYS_Enable(OSC_PLLEN_bm); while (CLKSYS_IsReady(OSC_PLLRDY_bm) == 0); CLKSYS_Main_ClockSource_Select(CLK_SCLKSEL_PLL_gc); CLKSYS_Prescalers_Config(CLK_PSADIV_1_gc, CLK_PSBCDIV_2_2_gc); CLKSYS_Disable(OSC_XOSCEN_bm | OSC_RC32KEN_bm | OSC_RC2MEN_bm);}void clk_2m(void){ /* Select 2 MHz RC oscillator as main clock source and diable * unused clock. */ CLKSYS_Enable(OSC_RC2MEN_bm); while (CLKSYS_IsReady(OSC_RC2MRDY_bm) == 0); CLKSYS_Main_ClockSource_Select(CLK_SCLKSEL_RC2M_gc); CLKSYS_Prescalers_Config(CLK_PSADIV_1_gc, CLK_PSBCDIV_1_1_gc); CLKSYS_Disable(OSC_PLLEN_bm | OSC_XOSCEN_bm | OSC_RC32KEN_bm | OSC_RC32MEN_bm);}void clk_32k(void){ /* Enable internal 32 kHz calibrated oscillator and check for * it to be stable and set prescaler A, B and C to none. Set * the 32 kHz oscillator as the main clock source. Wait for * user input while the LEDs toggle. */ CLKSYS_Enable(OSC_RC32KEN_bm); while (CLKSYS_IsReady(OSC_RC32KRDY_bm) == 0); CLKSYS_Main_ClockSource_Select(CLK_SCLKSEL_RC32K_gc); CLKSYS_Disable(OSC_XOSCEN_bm | OSC_PLLEN_bm); CLKSYS_Prescalers_Config(CLK_PSADIV_1_gc, CLK_PSBCDIV_1_1_gc);} |
